Effect of Quality of Dental Health Services to Patient Satisfaction in Indonesia 2019: Importance-Performance Analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the effect of the quality of dental health services based on dimensions of empathy and responsiveness to patient satisfaction in urban and rural areas in Bone District, Indonesia. Material and Methods: This survey used an analytical observational method with a pilot pathfinder survey design. The total of participants included in this survey was 442, with 223 in the urban area and 219 in the rural area. This survey was held on 25 February - 1 March 2019. The Mann-Whitney test was applied, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: Empathy and responsive dimensions in urban (3.58 ± 0.94 and 3.50 ± 0.94) and rural (3.43 ± 0.99 and 3.63 ± 0.86) areas were in the moderate category. The administration staff was able to complete administrative procedures, and the Dental assistant responded promptly to the patient's request and needs. Conclusion: The quality of empathy and responsiveness dimensions in dental treatment fall in the moderate category for urban and rural areas; this means that empathy and responsiveness dimensions in dental service in hospital/public health need to be improved.

Pro-CAD: una alternativa para profesionalizar al personal auxiliar del odontólogo / Pro-CAD: a professionalizing alternative for the dentist's auxiliary staff

El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación orientada a la implantación de un modelo educativo, que sustenta una propuesta para la capacitación de recursos humanos de apoyo técnico en el campo de la salud. Para este propósito se denominaron: Asistentes Dentales a quienes son el personal auxiliar que se desempeña con profesionales que ejercen la odontología en forma privada en México, y que no cuentan con escuelas para su formación, considerando sus diferencias individuales e involucrando las áreas cognoscitiva (conocimientos), psicomotriz (habilidades y destrezas) y afectiva (comportamientos). Los recursos humanos compiten fuertemente por encontrar un espacio de desempeño en un mercado altamente exigente, razón por la cual el eje principal de la investigación se fundamentó en el planteamiento del Consejo Normalizador y Certificador de Competencias Laborales (CONOCER). El modelo fue diseñado durante la formación doctoral, enmarcado en la línea de innovación curricular para la calidad total como consecuencia del interés personal por evaluar las competencias del personal auxiliar que se desempeña apoyando al gremio de la odontología; la población está organizada en un colegio local de profesionales filial a la Asociación Dental Mexicana. Se utilizó el método mixto, y la herramienta para recolección de datos fue la encuesta, misma que aportó información relevante para construir una propuesta denominada modelo Pro-CAD (Programa de Capacitación Asistente Dental), que se incluye brevemente al final de este artículo (AU)

This article is the result of research aimed at the implementation of an educational model, which supports a proposal for the training of human resources of technical support in the field of health. For this purpose they were called: Dental Assistants, who are the auxiliary staff who work with professionals who practice dentistry privately in México, and who do not have schools for their training considering their individual differences and involving the cognitive areas (knowledge), psychomotor (skills and skills), affective (behaviors). Human resources compete strongly to find a performance space in a highly demanding market, which is why the main focus of the research was based on the approach of the Standardizing Council and Labour Skills Certificater (CONOCER). The model was designed during my doctoral training framed in the line of curriculum innovation for total quality as a result of the personal interest in evaluating the work skills of the auxiliary staff who perform supporting the dental guild, the population is organized in a local college of professionals affiliated with the Mexican Dental Association. The mixed method was used, and the data collection tool was the survey, which provided relevant information to build a proposal called the Pro-CAD (Dental Assistant Training Program) model that is briefly included at the end of this article (AU)

Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Oral Health Team Professionals

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection among oral health professionals. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in the city of São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil. Professionals from three different categories were included: dental surgeons (DS), dental assistants (DA), and dental hygienists (DH). A questionnaire was created on a digital platform and sent via institutional email to each subject. The questionnaire contained 32 questions about sociodemographic, work, and behavior factors. The data about SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed through RT-PCR exams. Descriptive (absolute and relative frequencies) and inferential analyses (chi-squared or Fisher's exact test) (p<0.05) were performed. Results: There was a SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence of 3.8% for DS, 30.0% for DH, and 33.3% for DA. SARS-CoV-2 was associated with a lower income (p=0.027), a lower education level (p=0.011), the category of technical professionals (DA and DH) (p=0.025), and using public transportation to commute to work (p=0.009). Conclusion: Sociodemographic factors like lower income and education levels and work factors like job category and public transportation were associated with COVID-19 among professionals on the oral health teams.

Conhecimento e uso da biossegurança por profissionais de saúde bucal do SUS do Sertão Pernambucano / Knowledge and use of biosafety by professionals of oral health of the SUS of Sertão Pernambucano

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento e o uso dos procedimentos que envolvem a biossegurança por cirurgiões dentistas e assistentes de saúde bucal em um município do sertão de pernambucano, buscando averiguar a compreensão da necessidade e da importância da utilização da biossegurança. Métodos: Estudo observacional descritivo realizado através de questionário aplicado para os profissionais da área odontológica vinculados ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) do município de Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brasil. A amostra foi constituída de 29 profissionais da área odontológica que responderam ao questionário, sendo 9 dentistas e 20 auxiliares. Resultados: Cem por cento dos profissionais afirmam lavar as mãos antes e depois dos procedimentos. Apenas 20% dos ASB lavam o instrumental em pia fora do consultório; 90% costumam fazer a assepsia da cadeira odontológica após cada atendimento; 95% costumam fazer a assepsia da cuspideira e do equipo/cárter após cada atendimento. Conclusão: Os profissionais possuem conhecimento satisfatório acerca da biossegurança no consultório odontológico. Contudo, deve-se uma atenção especial ao uso de luvas estéreis e de campo cirúrgico durante os procedimentos necessários, bem como à disponibilização de equipamentos de proteção individual aos pacientes, a fim de minimizar o risco de contaminação cruzada.

Aim: To assess the knowledge and use of procedures that involve biosafety by dental surgeons and oral health assistants in a municipality in the backlands of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, seeking to ascertain the understanding of the need and importance of using biosafety. Methods: This work was a descriptive observational study conducted through a questionnaire applied to dental professionals linked to the Unified Health System (SUS) in the municipality of Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brazil. The sample consisted of 29 dental professionals who answered the questionnaire, including 9 dentists and 20 assistants. Results: One hundred percent of the professionals say they wash their hands before and after the procedures. Only 20% of ASBs wash the instruments in a sink outside the office; 90% usually perform asepsis of the dental chair after each visit; 95% usually clean the spit and the equipment / sump after each visit. Conclusion: The professionals have satisfactory knowledge about biosafety in the dental office. However, special attention should be paid to the use of sterile gloves and the surgical field during the necessary procedures, as well as the provision of personal protective equipment for patients to minimize the risk of cross contamination.

A survey of the understanding of the scope of work undertaken by dental hygienists and chair-side dental assistants among dental students in Seoul / 대한구강보건학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to investigate the awareness of the students currently attending dental colleges/schools in Seoul regarding the scope of work done by a dental hygienist (DH) and a chair-side dental assistant (DA).METHODS: A direct questionnaire survey was conducted among 950 students who currently attend dental colleges/schools in Seoul. We were able to use a total of 458 samples for final analysis after excluding inappropriate ones. The contents of this structuralized survey included the obligation of proper name badge use for dental health care personnel, the legal work scopes of a DH and a DA in accordance with the revised execution of the ‘Legal Acts on Medical Technicians’, and the inclusion/exclusion of such contents from dental colleges/schools curricula. The results were statistically analyzed via the IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 software.RESULTS: Many subjects were aware of the difference in scope of work performed by a DH and a DA (P < 0.001), but not their legal obligation to wear appropriate name badges in accordance with the ‘Proposal for the Establishment of the Name Badge Standards for Healthcare Practitioners'. The subjects generally showed higher comprehension of the scope of work performed by a DH (74.3%) than that performed by a DA (57.7%). Without the presence of any corresponding curriculum, accurate responses tended to increase with the students' seniority. Most students (94.4%) agreed with the need to include a class that teaches the scope of work performed by a DH and a DA in their school curricula.CONCLUSIONS: We have found that education regarding ‘Name Badge Standards for Healthcare Practitioners’ and classification of a dental assistant's scope of work is lacking in the existing curriculum. Therefore, it is necessary to establish additional curriculum.

Los pacientes también son clientes / Patients are clients too

El propósito de este artículo es señalar que los pacientes también son clientes y que en realidad las decisiones las toman basadas en factores emocionales y no en los fríos y lógicos datos provenientes de los diagnósticos que hacen los Odontólogos. Cosas como el trato, servicio excepcional al paciente-cliente, conseguirán más la aceptación de tratamiento, que la pericia clínica (AU)

The purpose of this article is to point out that patients are clients also, and that in reality they take their decisions based on emotional factors and not on the cold and logical facts resulting from the diagnosis made by Dentists. Things such as exceptional service, patient-customer service will achieve more treatment acceptance than the clinical skills (AU)

Irradiance and radiant exposures delivered by led light-curing units used by a left and right-handed operator

Abstract The combination of the restoration location, the hand preference of the operator using the light-curing unit (LCU), and the design of the LCU all can have an impact on the amount of the light delivered to the restoration. To evaluate the effect of left-handed or right-handed users, the position of the operator (dentist or assistant), and the LCU design on the irradiance, radiant exposure and emission spectrum delivered to the same posterior tooth. Two light emitting diode (LED) LCUs were tested: an angulated monowave LCU Radii-Cal (SDI, Victoria, Australia) and a straight aligned multi-peak LCU Valo Cordless (Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA). The irradiance values (mW/cm2), radiant exposure (J/cm2) and emission spectrum were measured using a sensor in maxillary left second molar tooth. The irradiance and radiant exposure were analyzed using three-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test (a=0.05). The emission spectra (nm) were analyzed descriptively. The interaction between LCU design, operator position, and hand preference significantly influenced the irradiance and radiant exposure (P<0.001). In all cases, Valo delivered significantly higher irradiance than Radii-Cal. The handedness and the operator position affected the irradiance and radiant exposure delivered from Valo. Operator position and access affect the irradiance and radiant exposure delivered to the maxillary left second molar. The irradiance and radiant exposure can be greater when a right-hand operator is positioned on the right side of the chair and a left-hand operator is positioned on the left side of the chair. This may result in better resin composite polymerization.

Resumo A combinação da localização da restauração, a preferência de mão do operador ao utilizar aparelhos fotopolimerizadores (AFP) com luz emitida por diodo (LED) e o formato do AFP podem afetar a quantidade de luz fornecida à restauração. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de operadores canhotos e destros, a posição do operador (dentista ou auxiliar), e o formato do AFP na irradiância, energia radiante e espectro de luz entregue ao mesmo dente posterior. Dois AFP foram testados: um com formato angulado, onda única Radii-Cal (SDI, Victoria, Australia) e um formato reto multi-pico Valo Cordless (Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA). Os valores de irradiância (mW/cm²), energia radiante (J/cm²) e espectro de luz foram medidos utilizando um sensor no segundo molar superior esquerdo. A irradiância e energia radiante foram analisados utilizando ANOVA 3 fatores seguido por teste de Tukey (a=0.05). O espectro de luz (nm) foi analisado de forma descritiva. A interação entre o formato do AFP, posição do operador e preferência de mão foram significativamente influentes na irradiância e energia radiante (P<0.001). Em todos os casos, Valo teve irradiância significativamente maior que Radii-Cal. A mão dominante e a posição do operador afetaram a irradiância e energia radiante com o Valo. Posição do operador e acesso afetou a irradiância e exposição radiante entregue ao segundo molar superior esquerdo. A irradiância e exposição radiante teve melhores resultados quando AFP foi utilizado com a mão direita pelo operador posicionado na cadeira do lado direito e mão esquerda do operador posicionado do lado esquerdo da cadeira. Estes resultados podem levar a uma melhor polimerização da resina composta.

Analyse de la gestion des déchets biomédicaux solides au centre de consultations et de traitements odontostomatologiques du CHU de Cocody : connaissances et pratiques des assistants dentaires

Les activités hospitalières produisent divers types de déchets, parmi lesquels les déchets biomédicaux de nature complexe. Leur prise en charge relève de la gestion. Celle-ci dépend de la formation et du niveau de connaissance des acteurs de santé en matière de gestion des déchets. La présente étude avait pour objectif d'analyser la gestion des déchets biomédicaux solides au Centre de Consultations et de Traitements Odonto-Stomatologiques (CCTOS) du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Cocody. Une enquête transversale a été menée auprès des assistants dentaires. Les résultats de l'étude ont montré que 60% des assistants dentaires avait le BEPC. 66,7% n'avaient jamais été formés à la gestion des déchets biomédicaux et 53,3% ne connaissaient pas la définition d'un déchet biomédical. 60% ont affirmé l'absence de tri des déchets lors des soins. Les résultats de l'étude montrent que des efforts restent à faire afin d'améliorer la gestion des déchets biomédicaux solides au CCTOS

The Opinions of Some Dental Hygienists about Improvement of Korean Dental Hygiene Education / 치위생과학회지

This study's aim was to investigate their opinions to improve the educational system for dental hygienists on the basis of their duties as dental hygienists. The qualitative study was conducted among 19 dental hygienists at Daejeon, Korea from July to August 2016. Two researchers followed each subject for working hours in a day and recorded all the tasks and time to take for each task. After one day, the researchers met each subject and conducted face-to-face interviews to investigate the opinions about the dental hygiene curriculum and national board examination. The main duties recognized by more than half of the subjects were oral disease prevention including scaling and dental treatment assistance. The subjects' minority opinion about the main duties included radiography, impression taking, dental implant surgery assistance, orthodontic treatment, patient counseling, dental management and staff management, and oral health education. The most important tasks perceived by the subjects were prosthetic and implant impressions, scaling and implant surgery assistance. The subjects' minority opinion about the most important duties included patient counseling and making temporary crowns. The most difficult tasks answered by the subjects were prosthetic and implant impressions and dental implant surgery assistance. The subjects' minority opinion about it included patient counseling, scaling, and making temporary crowns. They mentioned that their curriculum in college was different from the actual work and the national board examination was not reflective of their real duties. We found out Korean dental hygienists had a lot of roles as dental assistants, dental business managers, and so on. We suggest that the law, curriculum and national board examination for dental hygienists should be revised to be able to reflect the reality of the clinical field.

Inserção do técnico em saúde bucal no Sistema Único de Saúde: a instabilidade dos vínculos de trabalho e a desvalorização profissional / Inclusion of the oral health technician in the Unified Health System: the instability of the employment relationships and the professional devaluation / Inserción del técnico en salud bucal en el Sistema de Salud: la instabilidad de los vínculos de trabajo y la desvalorización profesional

Resumo A Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal destaca a importância da formação de pessoal auxiliar para a sua consolidação. Este estudo avaliou a inserção de técnicos em saúde bucal formados pela Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará no Sistema Único de Saúde. Trata-se de estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido em duas etapas. Na primeira, traçou-se o perfil profissional de 573 técnicos em saúde bucal ex-alunos da Escola. Na segunda, foram realizados grupos focais e utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo, na modalidade temática. A pergunta direcionadora foi: que aspectos influenciam na inserção dos técnicos em saúde bucal no Sistema Único de Saúde? Verificou-se que 73,3% estavam no Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde. Destes, 20,7% estavam cadastrados como técnico em saúde bucal e 67,9% como auxiliar de saúde bucal. Nos grupos focais, foram identificadas três categorias temáticas: interesse dos gestores; tipo de vínculo de trabalho; e valorização profissional. Concluiu-se que a maioria estava inserida no Sistema Único de Saúde, mas como auxiliar de saúde bucal. Na visão dos egressos, faltam interesse por parte dos gestores para contratação de técnicos em saúde bucal, vínculos de trabalho mais estáveis e maior valorização profissional.

Abstract The Oral Health National Policy emphasizes the importance of the training of assistant personnel for its consolidation. This study evaluated the inclusion of Oral Health Technicians, trained by Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará, Brazil, in the Unified Health System. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, developed in two stages. In the first one, the professional profile of 573 oral health technicians was outlined. In the second stage, we used focal groups, as well as the technique of content analysis, thematic modality. The orienting question was: which aspects influence the inclusion of the oral health technician in the Unified Health System? It was found that 73.3% of technicians were in the National Health Facilities Register. Out of these, 20.7% were registered as oral health technician, and 67.9% as oral health assistant. In the focal groups, three thematic categories were identified: manager's interests; type of employment relationship; and professional appreciation. It was concluded that the majority was included in the Unified Health System, but as oral health assistant. From the graduates" point of view, managers lack interest in hiring oral health technicians, and there is lack of more stable employment relationships and of greater professional appreciation.

Resumen La Política Nacional de Salud Bucal destaca la importancia de la formación de personal auxiliar para su consolidación. Este estudio evaluó la inserción de Técnicos en Salud Bucal formados por la Escuela de Salud Pública del Ceará en el Sistema Único de Salud. Trata-se de estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativa, desarrollado en dos etapas. En la primera, se elaboró el perfil profesional de 573 técnicos en salud bucal exestudiantes. En la segunda, fueron realizados grupos focales y fue utilizada la técnica de análisis de contenido, en la modalidad temática. La pregunta rectora fue: ¿qué aspectos influencian la inserción de los técnicos en salud bucal en el Sistema Único de Salud? Fue verificado que 73,3% estaban en el Registro Nacional de Establecimientos de Salud. De estos, 20,7% estaban registrados como técnico en salud bucal y 67,9% como auxiliar de salud bucal. En los grupos focales, fueron identificadas tres categorías temáticas: interés de los gestores; tipo de vínculo de trabajo; y valorización profesional. Fue concluido que la mayoría estaba inserida en el Sistema Único de Salud, pero como auxiliar de salud bucal. En la visión de los licenciados, faltan interés por parte de los gestores para contratación de técnicos en salud bucal, vínculos de trabajo más estables y mayor valorización profesional.

Perfil de auxiliares e técnicos em saúde bucal que atuam no sistema único de saúde / Profile of auxiliary and technical oral health of the brazilian national health system

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o perfil sociodemográfico, de formação e de trabalho de Auxiliares e Técnicos em Saúde Bucal que atuam no nível municipal do SUS. É um estudo populacional censitário, que possui delineamento transversal e descritivo. Foram analisadas informações relatadas por 68 profissionais Auxiliares e Técnicos em Saúde Bucal vinculados ao SUS do município de Blumenau/SC. Para a produção dos dados, utilizou-se um questionário estruturado e autoaplicável, organizado em três blocos temáticos: de identificação (sexo, idade, estado civil, estado/cidade, renda, habilitação, vínculo e inscrição no conselho/sindicato), de formação (estabelecimento de ensino, duração, incentivo/dificuldades de atualização/formação) e de processo de trabalho (competências e atribuições dos profissionais). Os resultados demonstram não haver diferenças significantes entre o trabalho que está sendo realizado pelos Auxiliares e pelos Técnicos em Saúde Bucal no SUS. No conjunto de competências, as ações da rotina da clínica odontológica são referidas com mais intensidade pelos profissionais entrevistados que aludem delegar a um segundo plano as atividades de promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos bucais.

The purpose of this quantitative study is to describe the sociodemographic, training and employment profile of Auxiliary and Technical Oral Health who work in Blumenau City. Information reported by 68 Auxiliary and Technical Oral Health that are linked to SUS were analyzed. This is a census population study that has transversal and descriptive design. For the study, we used a structured self-administered questionnaire organized into three thematic sections: identity (gender, age, marital status, state / city, income, qualification, registration and bond council/union); training (establishment, duration, incentive/difficulties of upgrade training) and work process (skills and professional assignments). The results show that significant differences were found between the work done by assistants or technicians in Oral Health (respecting the competencies of each profession) with respect to the actions exclusively dental clinical practice in relation to activities to promote oral health and prevention of diseases, leaving these in the background in all activities of supporting staff.

Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem Perioperatória em cirurgia da cavidade oral ambulatorial / Perioperative Nursing Care system for ambulatory surgery of the oral cavity

Objetivo: descrever a construção e a validação de protocolo de Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem Perioperatória (SAEP), aplicado à cirurgia oral menor no Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas, vinculado à uma instituição de ensino superior em Pernambuco. Método: relato de experiências no qual foram utilizados os Padrões Funcionais de Saúde de Gordon para coleta de dados, identificação dos Diagnósticos de Enfermagem segundo a Taxonomia NANDA - I e posterior validação com pacientes atendidos entre 2008 e 2009. Conclusão: O protocolo de SAEP proposto permitiu que o processo de Enfermagem na formação em nível de graduação não fosse apenas abordado sob o ponto de vista teórico. O relato dos estudantes extensionistas evidenciou a viabilidade e a eficácia da SAEP, além de suas vantagens sobre a qualidade da assistência e do processo de trabalho da Enfermagem...

Atribuições dos Técnicos em Saúde Bucal na Estratégia Saúde da Família em Minas Gerais, Brasil / Responsibilities of Oral Health Technician in the Family Health Strategy in Minas Gerais, Brazil

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o autorrelato de funções executadas pelos Técnicos em Saúde Bucal no Estado de Minas Gerais. Estudo transversal e descritivo, realizado por meio de entrevista telefônica, com amostra representativa de 231 trabalhadores. A análise descritiva envolveu cálculo de proporções. Observou-se que 71,6% (IC 95%, 64,4-77,5) realizavam polimento coronário, 63,2% (IC 95%, 56,1-69,7) faziam raspagem de cálculo e 14,7% (IC 95%, 10,3-20,4) condensavam e inseriam materiais restauradores. Em relação às ações preventivas/coletivas, 100% (IC 95%, 97,6-100,0) participavam de ações educativas, 99,0% (IC 95%, 96,1-99,8) demonstravam técnicas de higiene bucal, 96,6% (IC 95%, 92,7-98,4) realizavam a aplicação tópica de flúor, 77,9% (IC 95%, 71,5-83,3) realizavam visitas domiciliares, e 96,6% (IC 95%, 92,7-98,4) realizavam ações coletivas, principalmente em escolas. Os Técnicos em Saúde Bucal têm desprendido seu tempo mais em atividades preventivas/coletivas do que em atividades assistenciais.

The scope of this article is to analyze the self-reporting of duties performed by the Oral Health Technicians in the State of Minas Gerais. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted through telephone interviews, with a representative sample of 231 workers. The descriptive analysis involved the calculation of proportions. It was found that 71.6% (95% CI, 64.4 to 77.5) performed coronal polishing, 63.2% (95% CI, 56.1 to 69.7) carried out scaling of dental calculus and 14.7% (95% CI, 10.3 to 15.4) inserted restorative materials. Regarding preventive/collective actions, 100% (95% CI, 97.6 to 100.0) participated in educational activities, 99% (95% CI, 96.1 to 99.8) demonstrated oral hygiene techniques, 96.6% (95% CI, 92.7 to 98.4) administrated topical fluoride, 77.9% (95% CI, 71.5 to 83.3) made home visits, and 96.6 % (95% CI, 92.7 to 98.4) performed collective actions, especially in schools. Oral Health Technicians have spent their more time on preventive/collective activities than on individual clinical care.

Job satisfaction among dental assistants in Brazil

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expressed levels of job satisfaction of dental assistants working in Brazil and whether there are relationships among professional formation standards, workplace relations and job satisfaction. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with a calculated sample of 443 dental assistants. A questionnaire was developed for this purpose and its validity was verified in a pilot study. The questionnaire provided data for socioeconomic and demographic categorization and identified the variables that could be correlated to professional satisfaction. Job satisfaction was stratified into satisfaction and no satisfaction. All participants signed an informed consent form. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 13.0. Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed. Among the 443 participants, 94.6% were women, 72.7% were aged between 21 and 40 years and 65.0% were single. Over half had 37 or more months of job experience and had completed their course at a public institution. The majority earned between US$141.00 and US$190.00 per month. Job satisfaction was mentioned by 81.5% of the dental personnel. It was found that most subjects were satisfied with their job, and that the level satisfaction is influenced negatively by salary, workplace, workload and dentist's personality.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os níveis de satisfação no trabalho dos auxiliares de saúde bucal e a existência de associação entre estes níveis e o local de trabalho e o salário. Um estudo transversal foi realizado com uma amostra de 443 profissionais definida por cálculo amostral. Um questionário para avaliar satisfação no trabalho foi desenvolvido e validado através de um estudo piloto. O questionário também permitiu a categorização das variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas, identificando aquelas relacionadas à satisfação no trabalho. A satisfação no trabalho foi categorizada em satisfação e não satisfação. Todos os participantes assinaram um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Os dados foram analisados através do software SPSS 13.0 e para determinar associação entre variáveis foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado de Pearson e exato Fisher. Dos 443 participantes, a maioria era do sexo feminino (94,6%), solteira (65,0%), com média de idade de 32,01 ± 9,076 anos. Mais da metade tinham 37 ou mais meses de experiência de trabalho e completado o curso em uma instituição pública. A maioria ganhava entre US$141,00 e 190,00 por mês. A satisfação no trabalho foi citada por 81,55% dos profissionais. A maioria do grupo estudado estava satisfeita com seu trabalho, e essa satisfação foi influenciada negativamente pelo salário, local de trabalho, carga horária e personalidade do dentista.

A participação do auxiliar em saúde bucal na equipe de saúde e o ambiente odontológico / The dental assistant participation in the public health team and the dental environment

Introdução: A composição da equipe de saúde bucal e as condições sanitárias e ergonômicas no ambiente de trabalho influenciam na qualidade do atendimento odontológico prestado ao paciente. Objetivo: Neste estudo observacional e transversal, objetivou-se verificar a participação do auxiliar na equipe odontológica do serviço público, bem como os itens relacionados com a legislação sanitária e a existência e a distribuição dos equipamentos no consultório. Material e Método: A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de aplicação de questionários e observações nos locais de atendimento. Foram entrevistados 75 cirurgiões-dentistas de nove municípios do DRS XV - São José do Rio Preto-SP e avaliados 34 consultórios. Resultado: Do total de 75 cirurgiões-dentistas, 21 (28%) trabalhavam sozinhos, sendo seis (29%) em escolas e 15 (71%) em UBS. Dos 34 consultórios, dois (6%) não apresentavam qualquer equipamento de esterilização e, dos que possuíam, a autoclave era o meio mais utilizado, em número de 15 (44%). Dos consultórios analisados, 13 (38%) não possuíam lixeiras do lixo comum e, em 18 (53%), as existentes eram inadequadas. Quanto ao lixo contaminado, em 21 (62%), as lixeiras eram inadequadas e, em dois (6%), ausentes. Ou seja: em apenas 11 (32%), as lixeiras para este tipo de lixo eram adequadas. Notou‑se ainda que 13 (38%) não tinham lavatórios para mãos; em 23 (68%), havia toalheiro de papel; em 20 (59%), saboneteiras adequadas, e o compressor estava instalado dentro dos consultórios em cinco (15%) dos locais de atendimento. Quanto à adequação dos consultórios para o trabalho auxiliado, todos (n = 19) estavam insatisfatórios. Conclusão: A existência do ASB apresentou-se principalmente nos CEOs e nas Unidades de Saúde da Família por exigência legal e foram encontradas condições sanitárias e ergonômicas inadequadas, sugerindo a necessidade de reorganização no processo de trabalho e de gestão.

Introduction: The formation of Oral Health Team, healthy and ergonomic work conditions influence on quality of dental attendance to patient. Objective: In this observational and cross-sectional study, it was observed the participation of the dental assistants (ASB) on dental team on public health, to verify the items related to health legislation, the existence and distribution of equipment in dental offices. Material and Method: The data collection was performed using questionnaires and observations on locals for consultation. It were interviewed 75 dentists from 9 cities of Health Regional Department (DRS) - XV - São José do Rio Preto City and it was evaluated 34 dental offices. Result: Of total 75 dentists, 21 (28%) worked alone and among them, 6 (29%) worked at school and 15(71%) at Health Basic Unit (UBS). From 34 dental offices, 2 (6%) did not show any equipment for sterilization and among those that had it, the autoclave was the most used method (44%). Among the analyzed dental offices, 31 (91%) had dustbin for common waste and 23 (68%) of contaminated waste was inadequate. It was noted that 13 (38%) did not have local to wash de hands; in 23 (68%) there was paper towel; in 20 (59%) there was ideal soap dishes, and the compressor was installed into dental offices in 5 (15%) of local for attendance. In relation to dental offices adequacy for the help work, all of them (n = 19) were dissatisfied. Conclusion: The existence of ASB was present in the Centers of Dental Specialties (CEO) and Units of Family Health due legal exigencies and it were found inadequate healthy and ergonomic conditions, suggesting the necessity of reorganization of work and management processes.

Efecto de la musicoterapia sobre los niveles de estrés de los usuarios internos de la Clínica de Odontología de la Universidad del Desarrollo / Music therapy effect on stress levels of internal users of the Dental Clinic of Universidad del Desarrollo

La musicoterapia consiste en una psicoterapia que involucra al sonido y todos sus componentes, con el fin de conseguir distintos estados terapéuticos a nivel psicológico y psicomotriz del paciente, dentro de los cuales cabe destacar la reducción en los niveles de estrés. El objetivo fue determinar el efecto de la musicoterapia aplicada durante la sesión clínica, sobre los niveles de estrés de los usuarios internos (alumnos, tutores y asistentes dentales) de la Clínica de Odontología de la Universidad del Desarrollo. Se realizó un estudio de intervención con una población de 84 individuos agrupados previamente en 3 grupos correspondientes a alumnos, tutores y asistentes dentales; cada uno de los cuales se dividió en grupo intervenido (sometido a la aplicación de musicoterapia) y un grupo control, al cual no se le aplicó nada. La musicoterapia implementada, consistió en la aplicación de música de relajación durante una semana de clínicas. Mediante una encuesta ad hoc para la investigación se procedió a recolectar los datos de estrés inicial y final a esa semana, tanto para el grupo experimental como para del control. Se realizó análisis estadístico mediante el programa SPSS 17© la normalidad evaluada mediante ShapiroWilK, arrojó resultados no paramétricos, se aplicó la prueba de Mann-Withney para los 3 grupos analizados. Los datos obtenidos muestran que el cambio en el nivel de estrés entre el grupo control y el grupo experimental en los alumnos, tutores y asistentes dentales, arrojando valores p menores a 0,05 (0,000, 0,015, 0,026 respectivamente), demostrando que la musicoterapia disminuye los niveles de estrés de los usuarios internos. La musicoterapia, aplicada durante la sesión dental, disminuye los niveles de estrés de los individuos.

Music therapy is a psychotherapy that involves sound and all its components, in order to get different therapeutic states in psychological and psychomotor level of the patient, within which included the reduction in stress levels. The aim was to determine the effect of music therapy applied during the clinical session, concerningstress levels of internal users (students, tutors and dental assistants) of the Dental Clinic of the Universidad del Desarrollo. An intervention study with a population of 84 individuals, previously grouped into 3 groups for students, tutors and dental assistants, each of which was divided into intervention group (subject to the application of music therapy) and a group control, to which nothing was applied to them. Implemented the music therapy consisted of the application of relaxation music for a week of clinics. Through an ad hoc survey research, we proceeded to collect data from initial and final stress for that week, for the experimental and control groups. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17 © ShapiroWilK assessed by normal, non-parametric results showed, was applied the Mann-Whitney test for the 3 groups analyzed. The data obtained show that the change in stress levels between control and experimental group in students, tutors and dental assistants, shows P values less than 0.05 (0.000, 0.015, 0.026 respectively), demonstrating that Music therapy reduces stress levels of internal users. Music therapy applied during the session dental, decreases stress levels of individuals.

Awareness of needlestick injuries among the dental health professionals at Lahore medical and dental college

Health care associated transmission of blood borne diseases has always been an important public and medical concern worldwide. Objective of this study was to assess the degree of awareness of needle stick injuries among dental health professionals working at LMDC. Dental students during clinical training are at high risk for needle stick injury while administering local anesthesia. This fact has been known for the past few decades to be the founder of several blood borne diseases such as Hepatitis B [HBV], C [HCV] and AIDS [HIV]. Several studies have reported the high incidence of such practice among dental students and graduates. Study was conducted on 139 Dental Health Professionals at the Lahore Medical and Dental College in the year 2010 based upon questionnaire developed by a team of senior faculty members. Exposure to needle stick injury was found among 63[45%] subjects. 118 [85%] of Dental health professional were found to be aware of precautionary measures and first aid management for a needle stick injury respectively. The number of Dental Health Professionals who had been vaccinated for Hepatitis B [HBV] 121 [87%] and those who had never been vaccinated were 18 [13%]. Among nonvaccinated group 90% were Dental assistants. Proper work practices and continued Education seminars and workshops regarding awareness of needle stick injuries have the prime importance of creating awareness. The prevention and management protocol for such injury should be displayed in the clinical departments of all institutions. These steps will assure safe practicing methodology among dental health professionals

Noise Exposure Assessment in a Dental School

OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study was performed in the Dental School of Prince of Songkla University to ascertain noise exposure of dentists, dental assistants, and laboratory technicians. A noise spectral analysis was taken to illustrate the spectra of dental devices. METHODS: A noise evaluation was performed to measure the noise level at dental clinics and one dental laboratory from May to December 2010. Noise spectral data of dental devices were taken during dental practices at the dental services clinic and at the dental laboratory. A noise dosimeter was set following the Occupational Safety and Health Administration criteria and then attached to the subjects' collar to record personal noise dose exposure during working periods. RESULTS: The peaks of the noise spectrum of dental instruments were at 1,000, 4,000, and 8,000 Hz which depended on the type of instrument. The differences in working areas and job positions had an influence on the level of noise exposure (p < 0.01). Noise measurement in the personal hearing zone found that the laboratory technicians were exposed to the highest impulsive noise levels (137.1 dBC). The dentists and dental assistants who worked at a pedodontic clinic had the highest percent noise dose (4.60 +/- 3.59%). In the working areas, the 8-hour time-weighted average of noise levels ranged between 49.7-58.1 dBA while the noisiest working area was the dental laboratory. CONCLUSION: Dental personnel are exposed to noise intensities lower than occupational exposure limits. Therefore, these dental personnel may not experience a noise-induced hearing loss.

Integração da equipe de saúde bucal na estratégia saúde da família: a percepção dos profissionais / Integrating oral health team at the family health strategy: the professionals perception / Integración del equip o de salud bucal en la estrategia de salud familiar: percepción de los profesionales

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a existência de integração entre a Equipe de Saúde Bucal e a Equipe de Saúde da Família na Estratégia Saúde da Família na perspectiva da interdisciplinaridade de saberes e da integralidade do cuidado, identificando,os aspectos que facilitam ou dificultam o desenvolvimento da integração entre essas equipes. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, crítico-analítica, desenvolvido no município de Fortaleza (CE), em dois Centros de Saúde da Família. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram divididos em dois grupos, um de cada Centro de Saúde, formados por profissionais de nível superior: médicos, enfermeiros e cirurgiões-dentistas. Como instrumentos e procedimentos de coleta de dados foram empregados: diário de campo e grupo focal. A análise dos dados foi realizada à luz da análise de discurso. Os resultados revelaram que a integração ainda se encontra em estágio incipiente, visto que a permanência de problemas estruturais obstaculiza o trabalho interdisciplinar e a integração das equipes. Ainda persiste a prática centrada na clínica clássica, no procedimento individual e restrito ao consultório, de maneira ainda fragmentada. Não há planejamento das ações e nem discussão interdisciplinar do projeto assistencial comum, além de não haver compromisso com a produção do cuidado. Conclui-se que a reorientação dos serviços de saúde e as mudanças do processo de trabalho é o principal problema a ser enfrentado nos serviços de saúde, para que possam operar focados no usuário e em suas necessidades, bem como comprometidos com a produção do cuidado, sendo capazes de produzir vínculo, integralidade e resolubilidade.

This study aims to assess the presence of integration among Oral Health Team and Family Health Team at the Family Health Strategy in view of interdisciplinary knowledge and the integrality of health care, identifying the aspects that facilitate or hinder the development of integration between these teams. This is a critical-analytical and qualitative study developed inthe city of Fortaleza, in two Family Health Centers. As research subjects, we divided two groups, one in each Health Centre, consisting of graduated professionals: doctors, nurses and dentists. A diary and focus group were used as the instruments and procedures for data collection. Data analysis was performed in the light of discourse analysis. The results revealed that integration is still in an incipient stage, as the persistence of structural problems hinders interdisciplinary work and the teams´ integration. There is still a focus on classical clinical practice, on individual procedure and restricted to the office; so still fragmented. There is no planning of actions and interdisciplinary discussion of common assistance project, besides no commitment to providing care.

Este estudio tiene como meta analizar la existencia de integración entre el Equipo de Salud Bucal y el Equipo de Salud Familiar en la Estrategia de Salud Familiar, en la perspectiva de la interdisciplinaridad de los conocimientos y de la integralidad del cuidado, identificándola los aspectos que facilitan o dificultan el desarrollo de la integración entre estos equipos. Se trata de um estudio de tipo cualitativo, crítico y analítico, desarrollado en la ciudad de Fortaleza (CE), en dosCentros de Salud Familiar. Los sujetos de la investigación fueron divididos en dos grupos, uno en cada Centro de Salud, constituido por profesionales de nível superior: médicos, enfermeros y dentistas. Para los instrumentos y procedimientos para la recolecta de datos se utilizaron: el diario de campo y el grupo focal. El análisis de los datos fue llevada a cabo a la luz del análisis del discurso. Los resultados señalaron que la integración aún se encuentra en su fase inicial, pues la prevalencia de los problemas estructurales dificulta el trabajo interdisciplinario y la integración de los equipos. Todavía persiste la práctica basada en la clínica clásica, en el procedimiento individual y restricto al consultorio, aún de manera fragmentada. No hay planificación de acciones y ni discusión interdisciplinaria del proyecto asistencial común, además no haber compromiso con la producción de la atención.